Antimycobacterial activity of lichen substances

Honda, N.K.; Pavan, F.R.; Coelho, R.G.; de Andrade Leite, S.R.; Micheletti, A.C.; Lopes, T.I.B.; Misutsu, M.Y.; Beatriz, A.; Brum, R.L.; Leite, C.Q.F.

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.07.018

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Volume 17, Issue 5 , Pages 328-332, April 2010

Antimycobacterial activity of lichen substances

N.K. Honda
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +556733453777; fax: +556733453552.
F.R. Pavan
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de CiênciasBiológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
R.G. Coelho
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
S.R. de Andrade Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Instituto de Química, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
A.C. Micheletti
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
T.I.B. Lopes
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
M.Y. Misutsu
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
A. Beatriz
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
R.L. Brum
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Departamento de Química, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
C.Q.F. Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de CiênciasBiológicas, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil

published online 17 August 2009.

Abstract

We describe here the extraction and identification of several classes of phenolic compounds from the lichens Parmotrema dilatatum (Vain.) Hale, Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale, Pseudoparmelia sphaerospora (Nyl.) Hale and Usnea subcavata (Motyka) and determined their anti-tubercular activity. The depsides (atranorin, diffractaic and lecanoric acids), depsidones (protocetraric, salazinic, hypostictic and norstictic acids), xanthones (lichexanthone and secalonic acid), and usnic acid, as well seven orsellinic acid esters, five salazinic acid 8’,9’-O-alkyl derivatives and four lichexanthone derivatives, were evaluated for their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Diffractaic acid was the most active compound (MIC value 15.6μg/ml, 41.6μM), followed by norstictic acid (MIC value 62.5μg/ml, 168μM) and usnic acid (MIC value 62.5μg/ml, 182μM). Hypostictic acid (MIC value 94.0μg/ml, 251μM) and protocetraric acid (MIC value 125μg/ml, 334μM) showed moderate inhibitory activity. The other compounds showed lower inhibitory activity on the growth of M. tuberculosis, varying from MIC values of 250 to 1370μM.