Phytomedicine
Volume 18, Issue 4 , Pages 327-333, 15 February 2011

The Amazonian herbal Marapuama attenuates cognitive impairment and neuroglial degeneration in a mouse Alzheimer model

  • M. Figueiró

      Affiliations

    • Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • PPG-Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Tel.: +55 51 3308 3137; fax: +55 51 3308 3121.
  • ,
  • J. Ilha

      Affiliations

    • PPG-Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • V.M. Linck

      Affiliations

    • Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • A.P. Herrmann

      Affiliations

    • Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • P. Nardin

      Affiliations

    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • C.B. Menezes

      Affiliations

    • Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • M. Achaval

      Affiliations

    • PPG-Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • Laboratório de Histofisiologia Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • C.A. Gonçalves

      Affiliations

    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • L.O. Porciúncula

      Affiliations

    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • Laboratório de Estudos sobre o Sistema Purinérgico, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
  • ,
  • D.S. Nunes

      Affiliations

    • Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Campus Uvaranas, Bloco M, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
  • ,
  • E. Elisabetsky

      Affiliations

    • Laboratório de Etnofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • PPG-Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    • PPG-Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

published online 26 August 2010.

Abstract 

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to affect more than 22 million people worldwide by 2025, causing devastating suffering and enormous costs to families and society. AD is a multifactorial disease, with a complex pathological mosaic. In rodents, AD-like dementia can be induced by cerebral microinjection of Aβ peptide, leading to amyloid deposits, amnesia and various features of neurodegeneration. Marapuama (Ptychopetalum olacoides) is regarded as a “brain tonic” in the Amazon region and shows a nootropic profile in rodents.

Aim of the study

Because a specific extract (POEE) of Marapuama was shown to possess promnesic and anti-amnesic properties, the aim of this study was to verify if POEE is also effective against Aβ1–42-induced cognitive deficit in mice. Additionally, Aβ deposits (Congo red), GFAP immunoreactivity (immunohistochemistry), and neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampal pyramidal layer (Nissl) were examined as measures of Aβ1–42-induced neurodegeneration.

Materials and methods

CF1 mice were subjected to the experimental Alzheimer model with the Aβ1–42 i.c.v. administration. The effects of POEE 800mg/kg were evaluated over 14 consecutive days of treatment.

Results

The data show that 14 days of oral treatment with POEE (800mg/kg) was effective in preventing Aβ-induced cognitive impairment, without altering the levels of BDNF and with parallel reductions in Aβ deposits and astrogliosis. CA1 hippocampus loss induced by Aβ1–42 was also diminished in POEE-treated mice.

Conclusion

This study offers evidence of functional and neuroprotective effects of two weeks treatment with a Ptychopetalum olacoides extract against Aβ peptide-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Given the multifactorial nature of neurodegeneration, the considerable potential for an AChE inhibitor displaying associated neuroprotective properties such as here reported warrants further clinic evaluation.

Keywords: Ptychopetalum olacoides, Neuroprotection, Dementia

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PII: S0944-7113(10)00235-7

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.07.013

Phytomedicine
Volume 18, Issue 4 , Pages 327-333, 15 February 2011